Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies

Primary antibodies directly bind specific antigens with high specificity and affinity. They can be either monoclonal antibodies, which bind to a specific epitope, or polyclonal antibodies that bind to several epitopes of an antigen.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) differ fundamentally in their origin, specificity, and applications. mAbs stem from a single cell clone and exhibit remarkable specificity by binding to a lone epitope on the target antigen with consistent structural uniformity.